By: Dr. Elizabeth Eggert
When you think of tooth whitening, you may imagine the sleek kits available today or the sparkling smiles from toothpaste commercials. But did you know that the quest for whiter teeth has been around for centuries? Tooth whitening has evolved significantly, both in its methods and its understanding. By exploring its history and how it works scientifically, you can better appreciate the advancements that have made achieving a bright smile safer and more effective than ever.
Your journey through the history of tooth whitening would take you back to ancient Egypt, where beauty and hygiene were held in high esteem. Egyptians reportedly used a mixture of ground pumice stone and vinegar to clean and whiten their teeth. This is actually a very primitive version of the prophy polishing paste now used by your friendly hygienists at Eggert Family Dentistry! The Romans had their unique methods as well, often using urine—yes, urine—because of its ammonia content, which has bleaching properties. These practices, while effective to some extent, were harsh and likely caused damage to the teeth over time.
Fast forward to the 18th and 19th centuries, when barbers doubled as dentists. You might be surprised to learn that they performed tooth whitening by filing teeth and applying acid. While it might have temporarily brightened teeth, it also eroded enamel and left teeth vulnerable to decay. It wasn’t until the 20th century that safer and more scientifically sound methods began to emerge, paving the way for modern whitening techniques.
Today, tooth whitening is backed by science and advanced formulations. But how does it actually work? When you use whitening products, you’re likely interacting with two primary active ingredients: hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide. These compounds penetrate the porous enamel of your teeth to break down stains at a molecular level. Whether the discoloration is caused by coffee, tea, red wine, smoking, or simply aging, these ingredients oxidize the chromogens (colored compounds) into smaller, less visible molecules, making your teeth appear whiter. There is also the effect of extra oxygen penetrating inside the teeth, therefore scattering the light differently and allowing the teeth to appear brighter!
You may wonder whether tooth whitening is safe. Thanks to rigorous testing and regulation, modern whitening products are designed to be both effective and gentle. However, overuse or misuse can lead to sensitivity or enamel damage. That’s why it’s essential to follow product instructions carefully or consult Dr. Elizabeth or Dr. Jeff Eggert of Eggert Family Dentistry. Many products now incorporate desensitizing agents like potassium nitrate or fluoride to minimize discomfort.
Understanding the history and science of tooth whitening helps you make informed decisions about your oral health. Whether you choose at-home kits, professional treatments at Eggert Family Dentistry, or whitening toothpaste, you’re partaking in a practice with deep historical roots and a bright future. So next time you flash your pearly whites, you’ll know just how far humanity has come in the pursuit of that radiant smile.
Make 2025 your year to make history! Dr. Elizabeth Eggert or Dr. Jeff Eggert would love to help you explore your teeth-whitening options. Give our office a call at 651.482.8412 to schedule your appointment!